/* ========================================
   PORTFOLIO WEBSITE STYLES - CLEAN VERSION
   Organized and optimized for performance
   ======================================== */

/* ---------------------------
   BASIC RESET AND GLOBAL STYLES
   --------------------------- */
   * {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
  }
  
  body {
    font-family: "Poppins", sans-serif;
    background: #0e1624;
    color: #fff;
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
    font-size: 16px;
  }
 
  
  /* ---------------------------
     HEADER AND NAVIGATION
     --------------------------- */
  header {
    background-color: #111;
    position: fixed;
    width: 100%;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    z-index: 1000;
    height: 70px; /* Fixed header height */
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); /* Optional: add shadow for better separation */
  }
  
  header:hover {
    background: #111;
  }
  
  /* Navigation Layout */
  nav {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 20px 50px;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
  }
  
  .logo {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #00aaff;
  }
  
  .logo a {
    color: #00aaff;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
  }
  
  .logo a:hover {
    color: #008fcc;
  }
  
  .nav-links {
    list-style: none;
    display: flex;
  }
  
  .nav-links li {
    margin-left: 20px;
  }
  
  .nav-links a {
    color: #fff;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
    padding: 5px 0;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
  }
  
  .nav-links a:hover {
    color: #00aaff;
  }
  
  /* Active link highlight */
  .nav-links a.active {
    color: #00aaff;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #00aaff;
  }
  
  /* Hamburger Menu */
  .hamburger {
    display: none;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 4px;
    cursor: pointer;
    width: 34px;
    height: 28px;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
  }
  
  .hamburger .bar {
    display: block;
    width: 28px;
    height: 3px;
    background-color: #fff;
    border-radius: 2px;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, opacity 0.25s ease;
  }
  
  .hamburger:focus {
    outline: none;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.15);
    border-radius: 6px;
  }
  
  /* Hamburger Animation */
  .hamburger.active .bar:nth-child(1) {
    transform: rotate(-45deg) translate(-5px, 6px);
  }
  
  .hamburger.active .bar:nth-child(2) {
    opacity: 0;
  }
  
  .hamburger.active .bar:nth-child(3) {
    transform: rotate(45deg) translate(-5px, -6px);
  }
  
  /* ---------------------------
     HERO SECTION
     --------------------------- */
  .hero-section {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    min-height: 100vh;
    padding: 120px 20px 80px; /* Reduced top padding to 120px */
    text-align: center;
    max-width: 800px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
    animation: fadeIn 0.8s ease forwards;
    opacity: 0;
  }
  
  /* Profile Image Container */
  .profile-image-container {
    margin: 40px 0 30px; /* Added top margin to push content down */
    width: 100%;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    animation: fadeIn 0.8s ease 0.2s forwards;
    opacity: 0;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
  }
  
  .profile-image {
    width: 220px;
    height: 220px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    object-fit: cover;
    border: 4px solid #333;
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), 
                0 0 0 4px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.05);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
  }
  
  .profile-image:hover {
    transform: scale(1.03);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), 
                0 0 0 4px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.1);
  }
  
  /* Hero Content */
  .hero-content {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 600px;
    margin: 0 auto;
  }
  
  .hero-content h1 {
    font-family: 'Montserrat', sans-serif;
    font-size: 3rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin: 0 0 12px 0;
    line-height: 1.2;
    color: #fff;
    animation: fadeInUp 0.8s ease 0.4s forwards;
    opacity: 0;
    letter-spacing: -0.5px;
    text-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
  }
  
  .hero-content h1 span {
    color: #00aaff;
  }

  /* Typewriter effect styles */
  #typewriter-text {
    position: relative;
  }

  #typewriter-text::after {
    content: '|';
    color: #00aaff;
    animation: blink 1s infinite;
    margin-left: 2px;
  }

  /* Hide cursor when typing is complete */
  #typewriter-text.typing-complete::after {
    display: none;
  }

  @keyframes blink {
    0%, 50% { opacity: 1; }
    51%, 100% { opacity: 0; }
  }
  
  .hero-content h2 {
    font-family: 'Montserrat', sans-serif;
    font-size: 2rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin: 0 0 35px 0;
    color: #ddd;
    animation: fadeInUp 0.8s ease 0.6s forwards;
    opacity: 0;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
    text-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  }
  
  .hero-content h2 span {
    color: #00aaff;
  }
  
  .hero-content p {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    line-height: 1.8;
    color: #d1d5db;
    margin: 0 auto 45px;
    max-width: 600px;
    animation: fadeInUp 0.8s ease 0.8s forwards;
    opacity: 0;
    padding: 0 25px;
    letter-spacing: 0.3px;
    font-weight: 400;
  }
  
  /* Hero Buttons */
  .hero-btns {
    display: flex;
    gap: 20px;
    margin: 0 auto 40px;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    justify-content: center;
    animation: fadeInUp 0.8s ease 1s forwards;
    opacity: 0;
    padding: 0 20px;
  }
  
  .hero-btns .btn {
    background: #00aaff;
    color: white;
    padding: 14px 32px;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 30px;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    cursor: pointer;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.25, 0.8, 0.25, 1);
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    min-width: 170px;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    z-index: 1;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.3);
    transform: translateY(0);
  }

  .hero-btns .btn:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.4);
  }

  .hero-btns .btn:active {
    transform: translateY(1px);
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.2);
  }

  .hero-btns .btn::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    left: 50%;
    width: 0;
    height: 0;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    border-radius: 50%;
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
    transition: width 0.6s ease, height 0.6s ease;
  }

  .hero-btns .btn:hover::after {
    width: 200%;
    height: 200%;
  }
  
  .hero-btns .btn::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 0;
    height: 100%;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    transition: width 0.3s ease;
    z-index: -1;
  }
  
  .hero-btns .btn:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.4);
  }
  
  .hero-btns .btn:hover::before {
    width: 100%;
  }
  
  .hero-btns .btn-secondary {
    background: transparent;
    color: #00aaff;
    border: 2px solid rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.3);
    transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
  }
  
  .hero-btns .btn-secondary::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 0;
    height: 100%;
    background: rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.1);
    transition: width 0.3s ease;
    z-index: -1;
  }
  
  .hero-btns .btn-secondary:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    border-color: #00aaff;
    box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.2);
  }
  
  .hero-btns .btn-secondary:hover::before {
    width: 100%;
  }
  
  .hero-btns .btn,
  .hero-btns .btn-secondary {
    padding: 12px 24px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 600;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    opacity: 0;
    animation: slideInUp 0.8s ease forwards;
  }
  
  .hero-btns .btn {
    background: #00aaff;
    color: #fff;
    animation-delay: 0.8s;
  }
  
  .hero-btns .btn:hover {
    background: #008fcc;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
  }
  
  .hero-btns .btn-secondary {
    background: transparent;
    color: #00aaff;
    border: 2px solid #00aaff;
    animation-delay: 1s;
  }
  
  .hero-btns .btn-secondary:hover {
    background: #00aaff;
    color: #fff;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
  }
  
  /* Hero Social Icons */
  .hero-socials {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 16px;
  }
  
  .hero-socials a {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    color: #00aaff;
    transition: color 0.3s ease, transform 0.3s ease;
    opacity: 0;
    animation: fadeIn 0.5s ease forwards;
  }
  
  .hero-socials a:hover {
    color: #008fcc;
    transform: scale(1.1);
  }
  
  /* Staggered animation for social icons */
  .hero-socials a:nth-child(1) { animation-delay: 1.2s; }
  .hero-socials a:nth-child(2) { animation-delay: 1.3s; }
  .hero-socials a:nth-child(3) { animation-delay: 1.4s; }
  .hero-socials a:nth-child(4) { animation-delay: 1.5s; }
  .hero-socials a:nth-child(5) { animation-delay: 1.6s; }
  .hero-socials a:nth-child(6) { animation-delay: 1.7s; }
  .hero-socials a:nth-child(7) { animation-delay: 1.8s; }
  .hero-socials a:nth-child(8) { animation-delay: 1.9s; }
  .hero-socials a:nth-child(9) { animation-delay: 2s; }
  
  /* Hero Right - Profile Image */
  .hero-right {
    flex: 1;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
  }
  
  .blob-container {
    width: 400px;
    height: 400px;
    position: relative;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    background: transparent;
    transform-style: preserve-3d;
  }
  
  .blob-container img {
    width: 95%;
    height: 95%;
    object-fit: cover;
    border-radius: 50%;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
    transition: all 0.5s ease;
    background: linear-gradient(45deg, #0e1624, #1a2a3a);
    padding: 5px;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    display: block;
    transform: translateZ(1px);
    backface-visibility: hidden;
  }
  
  .blob-container::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: transparent;
    border: 3px solid rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.9);
    box-shadow:
      0 0 16px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.6),
      0 0 30px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.35);
    opacity: 0.95;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    z-index: 0;
    pointer-events: none;
  }
  
  .blob-container:hover img {
    transform: scale(1.02);
  }
  
  @media (hover: hover) {
    .blob-container:hover::before {
      opacity: 1;
      border-width: 4px;
      box-shadow:
        0 0 22px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.8),
        0 0 45px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.45);
      filter: brightness(1.15);
    }
  }
  
  /* ---------------------------
     ABOUT SECTION
     --------------------------- */
  .about-section {
    padding: 120px 50px;
    background: #0e1624;
    
    min-height: 100vh;
    animation: fadeIn 0.8s ease forwards;
    opacity: 0;
    
  }
  
  .about-container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
  }
  
  .about-header {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 100px;
  }
  
  .about-section h2 {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 50px;
    color: #fff;
    position: relative;
    display: inline-block;
  }
  
  .about-section h2::after {
    content: "";
    display: block;
    width: 80px;
    height: 3px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #00aaff, #008fcc);
    margin: 15px auto 0;
    border-radius: 2px;
  }
  
  .about-3d-container {
    perspective: 1000px;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    margin: 20px 0 40px 0;
    animation: fadeIn 0.8s ease forwards;
  }
  
  .cube {
    position: relative;
    width: 120px;
    height: 120px;
    transform-style: preserve-3d;
    animation: spin 10s infinite linear;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
   
  }
  
  .cube:hover {
    animation-play-state: paused;
    transform: rotateX(15deg) rotateY(15deg);
  }
  
  .face {
    position: absolute;
    width: 120px;
    height: 120px;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #fff;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #00aaff, #008fcc);
    border: 2px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    box-shadow: 0 0 20px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.3);
  }
  
  .front { transform: translateZ(60px); }
  .back { transform: rotateY(180deg) translateZ(60px); }
  .right { transform: rotateY(90deg) translateZ(60px); }
  .left { transform: rotateY(-90deg) translateZ(60px); }
  .top { transform: rotateX(90deg) translateZ(60px); }
  .bottom { transform: rotateX(-90deg) translateZ(60px); }
  
  .about-content {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 40px;
    align-items: start;
  }
  
  .about-text {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 30px;
  }
  
  .text-block {
    background: rgba(17, 17, 17, 0.3);
    padding: 25px;
    border-radius: 15px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.1);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    text-align: left;
  }
  
  .text-block:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.1);
    border-color: rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.3);
  }
  
  .text-block h3 {
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    color: #00aaff;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    font-weight: 600;
  }
  
  .text-block p {
    font-size: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
    color: #ddd;
    margin: 0;
  }
  
  .text-block strong {
    color: #fff;
    font-weight: 600;
  }
  
  .about-stats {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(150px, 1fr));
    gap: 20px;
    margin: 40px 0;
  }
  
  .stat {
    background: rgba(17, 17, 17, 0.5);
    padding: 25px 15px;
    border-radius: 15px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.2);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    text-align: center;
  }
  
  .stat:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.2);
    border-color: #00aaff;
  }
  
  .stat h3 {
    font-size: 2rem;
    color: #00aaff;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    font-weight: 700;
  }
  
  .stat p {
    color: #ccc;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    margin: 0;
  }
  
  .about-actions {
    text-align: center;
    margin-top: 40px;
  }
  
  .about-actions .btn {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #00aaff, #008fcc);
    color: #fff;
    padding: 15px 30px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 600;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    display: inline-block;
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
  }
  
  .about-actions .btn:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #008fcc, #006699);
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.3);
  }
  
  /* ---------------------------
     SKILLS SECTION
     --------------------------- */
  .skills-section {
    padding: 120px 20px;
    background: #0e1624;
    animation: fadeIn 0.8s ease forwards;
    opacity: 0;
  }
  
  .skills-section h2 {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 50px;
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    color: #fff;
    position: relative;
    display: inline-block;
    width: 100%;
  }
  
  .skills-section h2::after {
    content: "";
    display: block;
    width: 80px;
    height: 3px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #00aaff, #008fcc);
    margin: 15px auto 0;
    border-radius: 2px;
  }
  
  .skills-container {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 50px;
    max-width: 900px;
    margin: 0 auto;
  }
  
  .skills-box {
    flex: 1 1 300px;
    min-width: 300px;
    min-height: 400px;
    max-width: 400px;
  
    /* new - card styling to match image */
    background: #0b0f12;
    padding: 28px 24px;
    border-radius: 14px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.04);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(2,6,23,0.6), 0 2px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.6);
    color: #fff;
  }
  
  
  
  /* Enhanced Skills Section with Icons and Tooltips */
  .skills-box h3 {
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    margin-bottom: 25px;
    color: #fff;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 12px;
  }
  
  .skill-category-icon {
    font-size: 2rem;
    opacity: 0.9;
    filter: drop-shadow(0 0 8px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.3));
  }
  
  .skill {
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    position: relative;
  }
  
  .skill:last-child {
    margin-bottom: 0;
  }
  
  .skill p {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #fff;
    cursor: help;
  }
  
  .skill p:hover::after {
    content: attr(data-percent);
    position: absolute;
    top: -35px;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    background: rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.95);
    color: #fff;
    padding: 6px 12px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    white-space: nowrap;
    z-index: 10;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.3);
    animation: tooltipFadeIn 0.2s ease;
  }
  
  .skill p:hover::after::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    top: 100%;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    border: 5px solid transparent;
    border-top-color: rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.95);
  }
  
  @keyframes tooltipFadeIn {
    from {
      opacity: 0;
      transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(5px);
    }
    to {
      opacity: 1;
      transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(0);
    }
  }
  
  .skill-bar {
    width: 100%;
    background: #2f394a;
    height: 10px;
    border-radius: 5px;
    overflow: hidden;
    position: relative;
  }
  
  .skill-progress {
    height: 100%;
    width: 0%;
    border-radius: 5px;
    transition: width 2s ease-out;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
  }
  
  .skill-progress::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, rgba(255,255,255,0.2), transparent);
    animation: shimmer 2s infinite;
  }
  
  @keyframes shimmer {
    0% { transform: translateX(-100%); }
    100% { transform: translateX(100%); }
  }
  
  /* Skill Progress Bars */
  .skill-progress.html { background: #ffb400; width: 90%; }
  .skill-progress.css { background: #00bcd4; width: 75%; }
  .skill-progress.javascript { background: #f0db4f; width: 65%; }
  .skill-progress.python { background: #306998; width: 85%; }
  .skill-progress.c { background: #1ab915; width: 80%; }
  .skill-progress.java { background: #f44336; width: 70%; }
  .skill-progress.data-analyst { background: #ff4081; width: 95%; }
  .skill-progress.frontend { background: #673ab7; width: 75%; }
  .skill-progress.machine-learning { background: #8bc34a; width: 85%; }
  .skill-progress.problem-solving { background: #ff5722; width: 60%; }
  .skill-progress.office { background: #009688; width: 80%; }
  .skill-progress.graphic-design { background: #3f51b5; width: 65%; }
  
  .skill span {
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
  }
  
  /* ---------------------------
     PROJECTS SECTION
     --------------------------- */
  .projects-section {
    padding: 80px 20px;
    background: #0e1624;
    text-align: center;
    animation: fadeIn 0.8s ease forwards;
    opacity: 0;
  }
  
  .projects-section h2 {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    color: #fff;
    margin-bottom: 50px;
    position: relative;
    display: inline-block;
    width: 100%;
    text-align: center;
  }
  
  .projects-section h2::after {
    content: "";
    display: block;
    width: 80px;
    height: 3px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #00aaff, #008fcc);
    margin: 15px auto 0;
    border-radius: 2px;
  }
  
  .projects-container {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
  gap: 30px;
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  align-items: stretch; /* equal heights */
  }
  
  .project-card {
    background: #111;
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 20px;
    text-align: left;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    min-height: 350px;
    max-height: none; /* allow card to grow with content */
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    overflow: hidden; /* keep inner decoration inside */
  }
  
  .project-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
  }
  
  .project-card h3 {
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    color: #fff;
    flex-shrink: 0;
  }
  
  .project-card p {
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.7;
  color: #d7e7ef; /* better contrast */
  margin-bottom: 15px;
  flex-grow: 1;
  display: block;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, #103042, #0c2735);
  padding: 16px 18px;
  border-radius: 10px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.15);
  box-shadow: inset 0 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
  }
  
  .btn-project {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 10px 20px;
    background: #00aaff;
    color: #fff;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-radius: 4px;
    transition: background 0.3s ease;
    margin-top: auto;
    align-self: flex-start;
  }
  
  .btn-project:hover {
    background: #008fcc;
  }
  
  /* ---------------------------
     THESIS SECTION
     --------------------------- */
  .thesis-section {
    padding: 80px 20px;
    background: #0e1624;
    text-align: center;
    animation: fadeIn 0.8s ease forwards;
    opacity: 0;
  }
  
  .thesis-section h2 {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    color: #fff;
    margin-bottom: 50px;
    position: relative;
    display: inline-block;
    width: 100%;
    text-align: center;
  }
  
  .thesis-section h2::after {
    content: "";
    display: block;
    width: 80px;
    height: 3px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #00aaff, #008fcc);
    margin: 15px auto 0;
    border-radius: 2px;
  }
  
  .thesis-container {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(320px, 1fr)); /* equal-width tracks */
  gap: 30px;
  max-width: 1200px; /* allow comfortable two-column layout */
  margin: 0 auto;
  align-items: stretch; /* equal heights across row */
  }
  
  .thesis-card {
    background: #111;
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 20px;
    text-align: left;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
  min-height: 320px;
  max-height: none; /* allow growth to avoid overflow */
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
  justify-self: center; /* keep centered within grid */
  overflow: hidden;
  height: 100%;
  }
  
  .thesis-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
  }
  
  .thesis-card h3 {
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    color: #fff;
    flex-shrink: 0;
  }
  
  .thesis-card p {
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.7;
  color: #e9f4ff; /* high-contrast text */
  margin-bottom: 15px;
  flex-grow: 1;
  display: block;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, #0d2230, #091821); /* deep navy for clarity */
  padding: 16px 18px;
  border-radius: 10px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.22);
  box-shadow: inset 0 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
  }
  
  .btn-thesis {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 10px 20px;
    background: #00aaff;
    color: #fff;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-radius: 4px;
    transition: background 0.3s ease;
    margin-top: auto;
    align-self: flex-start;
  }
  
  .btn-thesis:hover {
    background: #008fcc;
  }
  
  /* ---------------------------
     CERTIFICATIONS SECTION
     --------------------------- */
  .certifications-section {
    padding: 80px 20px;
    background: #0e1624;
    text-align: center;
    animation: fadeIn 0.8s ease forwards;
    opacity: 0;
  }
  
  .certifications-section h2 {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    color: #fff;
    margin-bottom: 50px;
    position: relative;
    display: inline-block;
    width: 100%;
    text-align: center;
  }
  
  .certifications-section h2::after {
    content: "";
    display: block;
    width: 80px;
    height: 3px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #00aaff, #008fcc);
    margin: 15px auto 0;
    border-radius: 2px;
  }
  
  .certifications-container {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
    gap: 30px;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
  }
  
  .certification-card {
    background: #111;
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 20px;
    text-align: center;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    min-height: 350px;
    max-height: 400px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
  }
  
  .certification-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
  }
  
  .cert-image-container {
    position: relative;
    width: 100%;
    height: 180px;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    overflow: hidden;
    border-radius: 8px;
    flex-shrink: 0;
  }
  
  .cert-image {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
  }
  
  .certification-card:hover .cert-image {
    transform: scale(1.05);
  }
  
  .cert-overlay {
    display: none;
  }
  
  .view-cert-btn {
    background: rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.9);
    color: #fff;
    border: none;
    padding: 10px 20px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
    margin-top: auto;
    width: auto;
    align-self: center;
  }
  
  .view-cert-btn:hover {
    background: #00aaff;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.3);
  }
  
  .cert-info {
    text-align: center;
    padding: 15px 0;
    flex-grow: 1;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
  }
  
  .cert-info h3 {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    color: #fff;
    font-weight: 600;
  }
  
  .cert-issuer {
    color: #00aaff;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    margin-bottom: 4px;
    font-weight: 500;
  }
  
  .cert-date {
    color: #ccc;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
  }
  
  /* Certificate Modal */
  .cert-modal {
    display: none;
    position: fixed;
    z-index: 10000;
    left: 0;
    top: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);
    animation: fadeIn 0.3s ease;
  }
  
  .cert-modal-content {
    background-color: #111;
    margin: 5% auto;
    padding: 0;
    border: 1px solid #333;
    border-radius: 12px;
    width: 90%;
    max-width: 800px;
    max-height: 90vh;
    overflow-y: auto;
    position: relative;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
  }
  
  .cert-close {
    color: #fff;
    float: right;
    font-size: 28px;
    font-weight: bold;
    position: absolute;
    top: 10px;
    right: 20px;
    z-index: 10001;
    cursor: pointer;
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
  }
  
  .cert-close:hover,
  .cert-close:focus {
    color: #00aaff;
    background: rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.2);
    transform: scale(1.1);
  }
  
  .cert-modal-header {
    padding: 20px;
    background: #1a1a1a;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #333;
    text-align: center;
  }
  
  .cert-modal-header h2 {
    color: #00aaff;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
  }
  
  .cert-modal-header p {
    color: #ccc;
    margin-bottom: 5px;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
  }
  
  .cert-modal-body {
    padding: 20px;
    text-align: center;
  }
  
  .cert-modal-image {
    max-width: 100%;
    max-height: 60vh;
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
  }
  
  /* ---------------------------
     EDUCATION & EXPERIENCE SECTION
     --------------------------- */
  .education-section,
  .experience-section {
    margin-top: 100px;
    width: 100%;
    animation: fadeIn 0.8s ease forwards;
    opacity: 0;
  }
  
  .education-section h2,
  .experience-section h2 {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 40px;
    text-align: center;
    color: #fff;
    position: relative;
    display: inline-block;
    width: 100%;
  }
  
  .education-section h2::after,
  .experience-section h2::after {
    content: "";
    display: block;
    width: 80px;
    height: 3px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #00aaff, #008fcc);
    margin: 15px auto 0;
    border-radius: 2px;
  }
  
  .timeline {
    max-width: 800px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    position: relative;
    padding-left: 30px;
  }
  
  .timeline::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    left: 7px;
    top: 15px;
    height: calc(100% - 30px);
    width: 2px;
    background: #444;
  }
  
  .timeline-item {
    position: relative;
    background: #111;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    padding: 20px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    transition: transform 0.6s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    transform: translateY(50px);
    opacity: 0;
  }
  
  .timeline-item.visible {
    transform: translateY(0);
    opacity: 1;
  }
  
  @media (hover: hover) {
    .timeline-item:hover {
      transform: scale(1.02);
      box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
    }
  }
  
  .timeline-year {
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #00aaff;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
  }
  
  .timeline-content {
    padding: 20px;
    background: #1a1a1a;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.06);
    border-radius: 8px;
    text-align: left;
  }
  
  .timeline-content h3 {
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    margin-bottom: 5px;
    color: #fff;
  }
  
  .timeline-content p {
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: #ccc;
    line-height: 1.6;
  }
  
  /* ---------------------------
     CONTACT SECTION
     --------------------------- */
  .contact-section {
    padding: 60px 20px 30px;
    text-align: center;
    background: #0e1624;
    min-height: 100vh;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
    animation: fadeIn 0.8s ease forwards;
    opacity: 0;
  }
  
  .contact-section h2 {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    color: #fff;
    position: relative;
    display: inline-block;
    width: 100%;
    text-align: center;
  }
  
  .contact-section h2::after {
    content: "";
    display: block;
    width: 80px;
    height: 3px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #00aaff, #008fcc);
    margin: 15px auto 0;
    border-radius: 2px;
  }
  
  .contact-section p {
    font-size: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 40px;
    color: #ccc;
    max-width: 600px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
  }
  
  #form-container {
    max-width: 700px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    width: 100%;
  }
  
  .contact-section form {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 20px;
    width: 100%;
    padding: 30px;
    background: rgba(17, 17, 17, 0.5);
    border-radius: 15px;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 32px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
  }
  
  .form-row {
    display: flex;
    gap: 20px;
    width: 100%;
  }
  
  .contact-section form input,
  .contact-section form textarea {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    width: 100%;
    padding: 15px 20px;
    background: #222;
    border: 1px solid #333;
    border-radius: 10px;
    color: #fff;
    font-size: 1rem;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
  }
  
  .contact-section form input {
    height: 55px;
  }
  
  .contact-section form textarea {
    min-height: 150px;
    resize: vertical;
  }
  
  .contact-section form input:focus,
  .contact-section form textarea:focus {
    outline: none;
    border-color: #00aaff;
    box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.3);
    background: #2a2a2a;
  }
  
  .contact-section form input::placeholder,
  .contact-section form textarea::placeholder {
    color: #aaa;
  }
  
  .contact-section form input:-webkit-autofill,
  .contact-section form textarea:-webkit-autofill {
    -webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 0 1000px #222 inset !important;
    -webkit-text-fill-color: #fff !important;
    transition: background-color 5000s ease-in-out 0s;
  }
  
  .contact-section form button {
    background: #00aaff;
    color: #fff;
    padding: 15px 30px;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 10px;
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    align-self: center;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 250px;
    letter-spacing: 1px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
  }
  
  .contact-section form button:hover,
  .contact-submit:hover {
    background: #008fcc;
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.3);
  }
  
  .contact-section form button:active,
  .contact-submit:active {
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
  
  .thank-you-card {
    display: none;
    max-width: 500px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 40px 20px;
    text-align: center;
    border-radius: 15px;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 32px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
    background-color: rgba(17, 17, 17, 0.8);
    animation: fadeIn 0.5s ease;
  }
  
  .thank-you-card h2 {
    color: #00aaff;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
  }
  
  .thank-you-card p {
    color: #fff;
    margin-bottom: 0;
  }
  
  /* ---------------------------
     FOOTER
     --------------------------- */
  footer {
    background: #111;
    padding: 30px 0;
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.2);
    margin-top: 50px;
  }
  
  .footer-content {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 20px;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
  }
  
  .footer-left h3 {
    color: #00aaff;
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin: 0 0 5px 0;
  }
  
  .footer-left p {
    color: #ccc;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    margin: 0;
    font-weight: 400;
  }
  
  .footer-right {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
  }
  
  .footer-socials {
    display: flex;
    gap: 15px;
    align-items: center;
  }
  
  .footer-socials .social-icon {
    color: #00aaff;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    transition: color 0.3s ease, transform 0.3s ease;
  }
  
  .footer-socials .social-icon:hover {
    color: #008fcc;
    transform: scale(1.1);
  }
  
  /* ---------------------------
     ANIMATIONS AND KEYFRAMES
     --------------------------- */
  @keyframes slideInLeft {
    0% { opacity: 0; transform: translateX(-50px); }
    100% { opacity: 1; transform: translateX(0); }
  }
  
  @keyframes fadeInUp {
    0% { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(20px); }
    100% { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
  }
  
  /* Generic Scroll-Reveal (mimics education timeline behavior) */
  .reveal {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(50px);
    transition: opacity 0.6s ease, transform 0.6s ease;
    will-change: opacity, transform;
  }
  .reveal.visible {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
  }

  /* Generic fade section helpers for scroll reveal */
  .fade-section {
    opacity: 0;
  }
  
  .fade-section.is-visible {
    animation: fadeIn 0.8s ease forwards;
  }
  
  @keyframes slideInUp {
    0% { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(30px); }
    100% { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
  }
  
  @keyframes fadeIn {
    0% { opacity: 0; }
    100% { opacity: 1; }
  }
  
  @keyframes spin {
    0% { transform: rotateX(0) rotateY(0); }
    100% { transform: rotateX(360deg) rotateY(360deg); }
  }
  
  @keyframes fillSkillBar {
    0% { width: 0%; }
    100% { width: var(--target-width, 90%); }
  }
  
  /* ---------------------------
     GLOWING CARD EFFECTS
     --------------------------- */
  .card-glow {
    position: relative;
    transition: all 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.175, 0.885, 0.32, 1.275);
    border-radius: 8px;
  }
  
  .card-glow-hover:hover {
    transform: scale(1.03) translateY(-8px);
    box-shadow: 0 15px 35px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.2),
      0 0 25px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.3), inset 0 0 20px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.05);
    border: 1px solid rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.3);
  }
  
  .card-glow-active:active {
    transform: scale(1.02) translateY(-4px);
    box-shadow: 0 20px 40px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.3),
      0 0 35px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.4), inset 0 0 25px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.1);
    border: 1px solid rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.5);
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
  }
  
  .card-glow-hover:hover * {
    text-shadow: 0 0 8px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.3);
  }
  
  .card-glow-active:active * {
    text-shadow: 0 0 12px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.4);
  }
  
  .card-glow .btn,
  .card-glow .btn-project,
  .card-glow .btn-thesis {
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
  }
  
  .card-glow-hover:hover .btn,
  .card-glow-hover:hover .btn-project,
  .card-glow-hover:hover .btn-thesis {
    box-shadow: 0 0 15px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.3);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
  }
  
  .card-glow-active .btn:active,
  .card-glow-active .btn-project:active,
  .card-glow-active .btn-thesis:active {
    box-shadow: 0 0 20px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.4);
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
  
  /* Contact Form Container Glow Styling */
  #form-container.card-glow {
    background: rgba(17, 17, 17, 0.5);
    border-radius: 15px;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 32px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
    transition: all 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.175, 0.885, 0.32, 1.275);
    border: 1px solid rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.1);
  }
  
  #form-container.card-glow-hover:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(
      135deg,
      rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.08) 0%,
      rgba(17, 17, 17, 0.5) 100%
    );
    box-shadow: 0 15px 40px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.15),
      0 0 30px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.2), inset 0 0 25px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.05);
    border: 1px solid rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.3);
    transform: scale(1.02) translateY(-5px);
  }
  
  #form-container.card-glow-active:active {
    background: linear-gradient(
      135deg,
      rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.12) 0%,
      rgba(17, 17, 17, 0.5) 100%
    );
    box-shadow: 0 20px 45px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.2),
      0 0 40px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.25), inset 0 0 30px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.08);
    border: 1px solid rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.4);
    transform: scale(1.01) translateY(-2px);
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
  }
  
  #form-container input,
  #form-container textarea {
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
  }
  
  #form-container input:focus,
  #form-container textarea:focus {
    border-color: #00aaff;
    box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.2);
    outline: none;
    background: #2a2a2a;
  }
  
  #form-container.card-glow-hover:hover .contact-submit {
    box-shadow: 0 0 20px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.3);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
  }
  
  #form-container.card-glow-active .contact-submit:active {
    box-shadow: 0 0 25px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.4);
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
  
  /* ---------------------------
     RESPONSIVE DESIGN
     --------------------------- */
  
  /* Mobile Styles (up to 768px) */
  @media (max-width: 768px) {
    /* Navigation */
    .hamburger {
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
    }
  
    .nav-links {
      display: none;
      position: absolute;
      top: 70px;
      left: 0;
      right: 0;
      background: #0b0f14;
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 12px;
      padding: 16px 20px;
      z-index: 999;
      border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.04);
    }
  
    .nav-links.active {
      display: flex;
    }
  
    .nav-links li {
      margin: 0;
    }
  
    .nav-links a {
      display: block;
      padding: 10px 8px;
      font-size: 1.05rem;
      color: #fff;
    }
  
    /* Hero Section */
  .hero-section {
    padding: 120px 20px;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    text-align: center;
  }
  
    .hero-left {
      justify-content: center;
      margin-bottom: 30px;
    }
  
    .hero-btns {
      display: flex;
      justify-content: center;
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 15px;
      margin-top: 20px;
    }
  
    .hero-btns .btn,
    .hero-btns .btn-secondary {
      padding: 14px 28px;
    }
  
    .hero-left > div {
      max-width: 100%;
      padding: 0 10px;
    }
  
    .hero-left h1 {
      font-size: 2.6rem;
      line-height: 1.1;
      word-break: break-word;
      hyphens: auto;
      overflow-wrap: break-word;
    }
  
    .hero-left h2 {
      font-size: 1.8rem;
      line-height: 1.2;
      word-break: break-word;
      hyphens: auto;
      overflow-wrap: break-word;
    }
  
    .hero-left p {
      font-size: 1rem;
      line-height: 1.7;
      white-space: normal;
      word-wrap: break-word;
      word-break: break-word;
      hyphens: auto;
      overflow-wrap: break-word;
    }
  
    .blob-container {
      width: 250px;
      height: 250px;
    }
  
    /* About Section */
    .about-section {
      padding: 120px 20px;
    }
  
    .about-header {
      margin-bottom: 50px;
    }
  
    .about-3d-container {
      margin-top: 30px;
    }
  
    .about-section h2 {
      font-size: 2rem;
      margin-bottom: 20px;
    }
  
    .cube {
      width: 80px;
      height: 80px;
      margin-bottom: 30px;
    }
  
    .face {
      width: 80px;
      height: 80px;
      font-size: 0.9rem;
    }
  
    .front { transform: translateZ(40px); }
    .back { transform: rotateY(180deg) translateZ(40px); }
    .right { transform: rotateY(90deg) translateZ(40px); }
    .left { transform: rotateY(-90deg) translateZ(40px); }
    .top { transform: rotateX(90deg) translateZ(40px); }
    .bottom { transform: rotateX(-90deg) translateZ(40px); }
  
    .about-content {
      gap: 25px;
    }
  
    .text-block {
      padding: 22px;
    }
  
    .text-block h3 {
      font-size: 1.1rem;
      margin-bottom: 12px;
    }
  
    .text-block p {
      font-size: 0.95rem;
      line-height: 1.7;
    }
  
    .about-stats {
      grid-template-columns: 1fr;
      gap: 15px;
      margin: 30px 0;
    }
  
    .stat {
      padding: 20px 15px;
    }
  
    .stat h3 {
      font-size: 1.8rem;
    }
  
    .stat p {
      font-size: 0.85rem;
    }
  
    /* Skills Section */
    .skills-section {
      padding: 100px 20px;
      animation: fadeIn 0.8s ease forwards;
      opacity: 0;
    }
  
    .skills-container {
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 20px;
      padding: 0 16px;
    }
  
    .skills-box {
      min-width: auto;
      max-width: 100%;
      width: 100%;
      min-height: auto;
    }
  
    /* Projects, Thesis, Certifications */
    .projects-container,
    .thesis-container,
    .certifications-container {
      grid-template-columns: 1fr;
      gap: 18px;
      padding: 0 16px;
    }
  
    .project-card,
    .thesis-card,
    .certification-card {
      min-height: auto;
      max-height: none;
    }
  
    /* Education & Experience */
    .education-section,
    .experience-section {
      margin-top: 50px;
      width: 100%;
      padding: 40px 30px;
    }
  
    .timeline {
      max-width: 100%;
      padding-left: 10px;
      margin: 0 auto;
    }
  
    .timeline-content {
      margin-left: 0;
      padding: 15px;
      text-align: center;
    }
  
    /* Contact */
    .contact-section {
      padding: 100px 20px 30px;
      animation: fadeIn 0.8s ease forwards;
      opacity: 0;
    }
  
    /* Footer */
    .footer-content {
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 20px;
      text-align: center;
    }
  
    .footer-socials {
      justify-content: center;
    }
  }
  
  /* Very Small Screens (up to 400px) */
  /* Responsive Styles */
  @media (max-width: 1024px) {
    .hero-section {
      padding: 100px 30px 50px;
    }
    
    .profile-image {
      width: 190px;
      height: 190px;
    }
    
    .hero-content h1 {
      font-size: 2.3rem;
      line-height: 1.25;
    }
    
    .hero-content h2 {
      font-size: 1.6rem;
      margin-bottom: 20px;
    }
    
    .hero-content h2 {
      font-size: 1.6rem;
    }
    
    .hero-content p {
      font-size: 1.1rem;
      padding: 0 10px;
    }
    
    .hero-btns {
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 12px;
      width: 100%;
      max-width: 280px;
    }
    
    .hero-btns .btn,
    .hero-btns .btn-secondary {
      width: 100%;
      margin: 0;
    }
  }
  
  @media (max-width: 640px) {
    .hero-section {
      padding: 80px 15px 30px;
    }
    
    .profile-image {
      width: 170px;
      height: 170px;
      margin-bottom: 15px;
    }
    
    .hero-content h1 {
      font-size: 2rem;
      line-height: 1.3;
      margin-bottom: 8px;
    }
    
    .hero-content h2 {
      font-size: 1.4rem;
      margin-bottom: 20px;
    }
    
    .hero-content p {
      font-size: 1.05rem;
      margin-bottom: 25px;
      padding: 0 10px;
    }
  }
  
  @media (max-width: 480px) {
    .hero-section {
      padding: 70px 15px 25px;
    }
    
    .hero-btns .btn,
    .hero-btns .btn-secondary {
      padding: 12px 25px;
      font-size: 1rem;
      min-width: 140px;
      margin: 5px 5px;
    }
    
    .profile-image {
      width: 160px;
      height: 160px;
      margin-bottom: 10px;
    }
    
    .hero-content h1 {
      font-size: 1.8rem;
      line-height: 1.3;
    }
    
    .hero-content h2 {
      font-size: 1.3rem;
      margin-bottom: 18px;
    }
    
    .hero-content h2 {
      font-size: 1.4rem;
    }
    
    .hero-content p {
      font-size: 1rem;
      line-height: 1.6;
    }
    
    .hero-btns .btn,
    .hero-btns .btn-secondary {
      padding: 10px 20px;
      font-size: 1rem;
    }
  }
  
  @media (max-width: 400px) {
    body {
      font-size: 16px;
    }
  
    .hero-section {
      padding: 100px 15px;
    }
  
    .hero-left > div {
      max-width: 100%;
      padding: 0 10px;
    }
  
    .hero-left h1 {
      font-size: 2.2rem;
      line-height: 1.1;
      word-break: break-word;
      hyphens: auto;
      overflow-wrap: break-word;
    }
  
    .hero-left h2 {
      font-size: 1.5rem;
      line-height: 1.2;
      word-break: break-word;
      hyphens: auto;
      overflow-wrap: break-word;
    }
  
    .hero-left p {
      font-size: 0.95rem;
      line-height: 1.8;
      word-break: break-word;
      hyphens: auto;
      overflow-wrap: break-word;
    }
  
    .blob-container {
      width: 200px;
      height: 200px;
    }
  
    .about-section {
      padding: 100px 15px;
    }
  
    .about-header {
      margin-bottom: 60px;
    }
  
    .about-section h2 {
      font-size: 1.8rem;
    }
  
    .about-3d-container {
      margin-top: 30px;
    }
  
    .cube {
      width: 70px;
      height: 70px;
    }
  
    .face {
      width: 70px;
      height: 70px;
      font-size: 0.8rem;
    }
  
    .front { transform: translateZ(35px); }
    .back { transform: rotateY(180deg) translateZ(35px); }
    .right { transform: rotateY(90deg) translateZ(35px); }
    .left { transform: rotateY(-90deg) translateZ(35px); }
    .top { transform: rotateX(90deg) translateZ(35px); }
    .bottom { transform: rotateX(-90deg) translateZ(35px); }
  
    .text-block {
      padding: 20px;
    }
  
    .text-block h3 {
      font-size: 1rem;
    }
  
    .text-block p {
      font-size: 0.85rem;
      line-height: 1.8;
    }
  
    .nav-links a {
      font-size: 1rem;
    }
  
    .hamburger {
      width: 30px;
      height: 25px;
    }
  
    .hamburger .bar {
      width: 25px;
      height: 3px;
    }
  }
  
  /* Tablet Styles (769px to 1024px) */
  @media (min-width: 769px) and (max-width: 1024px) {
    nav {
      padding: 20px 30px;
    }
  
    .hero-section {
      padding: 100px 30px;
      gap: 30px;
    }
  
    .hero-left h1 {
      font-size: 2.8rem;
    }
  
    .hero-left h2 {
      font-size: 1.8rem;
    }
  
    .hero-left p {
      font-size: 1.05rem;
    }
  
    .blob-container {
      width: 300px;
      height: 300px;
    }
  
    .about-section {
      padding: 100px 30px;
    }
  
    .about-header {
      margin-bottom: 50px;
    }
  
    .about-section h2 {
      font-size: 2.2rem;
    }
  
    .cube {
      width: 110px;
      height: 110px;
      margin-bottom: 35px;
    }
  
    .face {
      width: 110px;
      height: 110px;
      font-size: 1.1rem;
    }
  
    .front { transform: translateZ(55px); }
    .back { transform: rotateY(180deg) translateZ(55px); }
    .right { transform: rotateY(90deg) translateZ(55px); }
    .left { transform: rotateY(-90deg) translateZ(55px); }
    .top { transform: rotateX(90deg) translateZ(55px); }
    .bottom { transform: rotateX(-90deg) translateZ(55px); }
  
    .about-stats {
      grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
      gap: 20px;
    }
  
    .skills-section {
      padding: 100px 30px;
    }
  
    .projects-section {
      padding: 100px 30px;
    }
  
    .thesis-section {
      padding: 100px 30px;
    }
  
    .certifications-section {
      padding: 100px 30px;
    }
  
    .certifications-container {
      grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
      gap: 25px;
    }
  
    .cert-image-container {
      height: 170px;
    }
  
    .certification-card {
      min-height: 340px;
      max-height: 390px;
    }
  
    .contact-section {
      padding: 100px 30px 60px;
    }
  }
  
  /* Desktop Styles (1025px and up) */
  @media (min-width: 1025px) {
    .hero-section {
      padding: 120px 2px;
      flex-direction: row;
    }
  
    .hero-left h1 {
      font-size: 3rem;
    }
  
    .hero-left h2 {
      font-size: 2rem;
    }
  
    .hero-left p {
      font-size: 1.2rem;
      line-height: 1.6;
      white-space: normal;
      word-wrap: break-word;
    }
  
    .blob-container {
      width: 350px;
      height: 350px;
    }
  
    .cube {
      width: 120px;
      height: 120px;
      margin-bottom: 50px;
    }
  
    .certifications-section {
      padding: 120px 50px;
    }
  
    .certifications-container {
      grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
      gap: 30px;
    }
  
    .cert-image-container {
      height: 180px;
    }
  
    .certification-card {
      min-height: 350px;
      max-height: 400px;
    }
  
    .footer-left h3 {
      font-size: 1.4rem;
    }
  
    .footer-left p {
      font-size: 1rem;
    }
  
    .footer-socials .social-icon {
      font-size: 1.4rem;
    }
  }
  
  /* Desktop view: show nav links and hide hamburger */
  @media screen and (min-width: 769px) {
    .nav-links {
      display: flex;
      gap: 1rem;
      position: static;
      background: transparent;
      padding: 0;
      flex-direction: row;
      align-items: center;
    }
  }
  
  /* ---------------------------
     BACK TO TOP BUTTON
     --------------------------- */
  .back-to-top {
    position: fixed;
    right: 22px;
    bottom: 22px;
    width: 46px;
    height: 46px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #00aaff, #008fcc);
    color: #fff;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.15);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 18px; /* shows an up arrow character nicely */
    cursor: pointer;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 25px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.25), 0 4px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.35);
    z-index: 1200; /* above header/footer */
    transition: transform 0.25s ease, opacity 0.25s ease, box-shadow 0.25s ease;
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    pointer-events: none;
  }

  .back-to-top:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 14px 30px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.35), 0 6px 14px rgba(0,0,0,0.45);
  }

  .back-to-top:focus {
    outline: none;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.25), 0 10px 25px rgba(0, 170, 255, 0.25);
  }

  .back-to-top.show {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
    pointer-events: auto;
  }

  /* Offset on small screens so it doesn't overlap too much with content */
  @media (max-width: 480px) {
    .back-to-top {
      right: 16px;
      bottom: 16px;
      width: 42px;
      height: 42px;
      font-size: 16px;
    }
  }

  /* Lift the button when footer is visible to avoid overlapping social icons */
  .back-to-top.avoid-footer {
    bottom: 90px;
  }

  @media (max-width: 768px) {
    .back-to-top.avoid-footer {
      bottom: 110px; /* a bit more space on small screens */
    }
  }